“The charges against Ms. Pakhshan Azizi do not meet the threshold of ‘most serious crimes’ required by international law for the death penalty,” the Human Rights Council-appointed experts stated. “Her death sentence constitutes a serious violation of international human rights law.”

Solitary confinement

Ms. Azizi was arrested in Tehran on 4 August 2023, by Iranian intelligence services and held in solitary confinement in the notorious Evin Prison for five months.

On 23 July 2024, the Tehran Revolutionary Court sentenced her to death for “armed rebellion against the state” and “membership of opposition groups,” along with a four-year prison term for alleged membership of in the Kurdistan Free Life Party (PJAK).

The Supreme Court upheld the death sentence last week.

“Ms. Azizi's arrest and sentencing appear to be solely related to her legitimate work as a social worker, including her support for refugees in Iraq and Syria,” the independent experts noted.

Reports indicate that Ms. Azizi was subjected to severe psychological and physical torture in solitary confinement to extract a confession. She was also denied access to family visits and legal representation of her choice.

Family members detained

Several members of Azizi's family were temporarily detained and have faced national security charges, presumably to pressure her to confess, the experts noted.

"The use of torture to extract confessions and the denial of fair trial rights render the death sentence against Ms. Azizi arbitrary in nature," the experts said.

The experts highlighted that the number of executions in Iran surpassed 900 in 2024, with an increase in the number of women put to death.

They have called for Iran to stop executions that violate international law and fundamental human rights.

End targeting of Kurdish women activists

"We are deeply concerned by the specific targeting of Kurdish women activists with politically motivated charges," they said.

"Ms. Azizi's prosecution reflects the heightened persecution that minority women activists face in Iran and the continued intention to punish and silence them by creating a climate of fear."

The experts urged Iranian authorities to revoke Ms. Azizi's death sentence, investigate allegations of torture and denial of fair trial rights, and end the harassment and targeting of women activists in Iran.

Special Rapporteurs and Working Groups who report on and monitor allegations of rights abuses are not UN staff and are independent of any government or organization. They serve in their individual capacity and receive no salary.